Hash Set Data Structure Visualizer

How to Use

Initialize: Set size (e.g., 7) and click "Initialize"
Sample Data: Click Sample Data to populate with examples.
Add: Enter element (e.g., "apple") and click "Add"
Contains: Enter element (e.g., "apple") to check if it exists
Remove: Enter element (e.g., "apple") to remove from set

Hash Set Concept

Hash Set is a data structure that stores unique elements using a hash function for fast access.

Key Characteristics:

Stores only unique elements (no duplicates)
Uses hash function to compute array index
Handles collisions with chaining or open addressing
Provides average O(1) time complexity for operations
No ordering of elements

Hash Function: A hash function converts input elements into array indices. It takes an element of any size and produces a fixed-size integer that determines where the element will be stored. A good hash function should distribute elements uniformly across the set to minimize collisions.

Hash Calculation Example: For string "apple" with set size 7:
Step 1: Sum ASCII values: a(97) + p(112) + p(112) + l(108) + e(101) = 530
Step 2: Apply modulo: 530 % 7 = 5
Therefore, hash("apple") = 5, so "apple" is stored in bucket 5.

Applications

Removing duplicates from collections
Fast membership testing
Set operations (union, intersection, difference)
Caching and memoization
Database indexing for unique constraints

Time Complexity

Operation	Average	Worst
Add	O(1)	O(n)
Contains	O(1)	O(n)
Remove	O(1)	O(n)

Space Complexity

Component	Space
Set Storage	O(n)
Chain Storage	O(k)

Strengths

Fast average-case performance
Automatic duplicate prevention
Simple implementation
Memory efficient

Limitations

Poor worst-case performance
Hash function quality dependent
No ordering of elements
Collision handling overhead

Hash Set Data Structure Visualizer

Hash Set Setup

Hash Set Operations

Hash Function

Statistics

Hash Set Visualization

Operation Steps